Django follows the MVC (Model = database-logic, View=business-logic Controller=presentation logic ). We can write the required logics based on programming[python] syntax in models and views but, when we want to write simple logics we should follow the django's template syntax, because programming[python] syntax is not allowed.
We have the Template syntax as follows:
| Syntax | Explanation | Example | |
|---|---|---|---|
| {{ variable name }} | To display the variable value. Just like " print " as in python | input: Welcome "{{ request.user.username }}" output: Welcome "Abhi Ram" |
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| {% if condition %} --- logic ---- {% endif %} |
It is a conditional expression same as " if " condition in python |
input: {% if request.user.can_edit %} <button> Edit </button> {% endif %} output: if user has attribute "can_edit" as True then it will give result " <button> Edit </button> " nothing otherwise. |
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| {% if condition1 %} --logic-- {% elif condition2 %} -- logic-- {% else %} -- logic -- {% endif %} |
same as python's " if...elif....else " | just like above | |
| {% for iterable object %} --logic-- {% endfor %} |
takes an iterable object returns an iterator object in every iteration. To get reverse indexes use " forloop.revcounter " |
input: users = ["Naveen", "Ramu", "Danny", "Shera"] {% for user in users %} {% if forloop.first %} First iter {% endif%} {{ forloop.counter }} . {{ user }} {% if forloop.last %} Last iter {% endif%} {% endfor %} output: First iter 1. Naveen 2. Ramu 3. Danny 4. Shera Last iter |
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| {% with author_books = request.user|getbooks %} -- logic -- {% endwith %} |
access the variable within the block. it's used when we require the same varialbe multiple times | - | |
| {% include 'sub_template.html' with context=context %} or {% include 'menu.html' %} |
This will include the partial tempate data by rendering it with the context | - | |
| {% load library %} | This will load the given library and made its functionality(tags) available in the template | - | |
| {% load tag from library %} | This will load a specific tag from the given library | - | |
| {% url "namespace:name" var1=1 va2=2 %} | This will generate the url by taking app namespace , view name and required data | - | |
| {% autoescape on|off %} {{ data }} {% endautoescape %} |
It will stop the XSS vulnerabilities from the script. |
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| {% now %} | This gives current datetime and timezone | Todays date: {% now "f" %} | |
| {{ "Hello world"|lower }} | To convert the text to lowercase |
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| {{ "Hello world"|upper }} | To convert the text to uppercase | {{ "Hello world"|upper }} gives "HELLO WORLD" | |
| {{ "hyderabad"|capfirst }} | To convert the first letter to uppercase | {{ "hyderabad"|capfirst }} gives "Hyderabad" | |
| {{ "hellow world"|title }} | converts the text to title case | {{ "hellow world"|title }} gives "Hello World" | |
| {{ "hello world "|slugify }} | converts given text to slug form | {{ "hello world "|slugify }} gives "hello-world" | |
| {{ "this is micropyramid world"|wordcount }} | counts the number of words in the text |
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| {{ "this is micropyramid world"|truncatechars: n}} | show's characters up to number "n" | {{ "this is micropyramid"|truncatechars: 7}} gives "this is ..." | |
| {{ "this is micropyramid world"|truncatewords: n}} | show's words up to number "n" | {{ "this is micropyramid"|truncatechars: 2}} gives "this is ..." | |
| {{ query_set|length }} | returns the no of objects in quesry set | - | |
| {{ query_set|slice:"start:end" }} | returns the sliced query set |
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| {{ query_set||dictsort:"key"}} | sort's the query_set based on the given key | - | |
| {{ query_set|dictsortreversed:"key"}} | sort's the query_set based on the given key in reversed order | - | |
| {{ var_name|default:"Not assigned"}} | if variable is not provided then default value is replaced | - | |
| {{ datetime_object|date:"d-m-yy"}} | return the date in a given format | - |
Same usages as in views:
Operators: == , = , > , >= , < , <=,
Keywords: and , or , not