Basics of Django messages framework

In any web application, we need to display notification messages to the end user after processing a form or some other types of his requests. To make this messaging system simple, Django provided full support to cookie and session based messaging for both anonymous and authenticated users.

This messages framework is capable of storing messages in one request and retrieving those messages in the subsequent request. Every message has a tag based on its priority(info,warning and error).

Enabling Django messages:

-> we need to put 'django.contrib.messages' in INSTALLED_APPS.

-> MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES should contains 'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware' and 'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware'.

-> The 'context_processors' option of the DjangoTemplates backend defined in your TEMPLATES setting contains 'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages'.

storage.fallback.FallbackStorage is the default storage class.if you want, you can select another storage class by setting MESSAGE_STORAGE to its full import path, for example

MESSAGE_STORAGE = 'django.contrib.messages.storage.cookie.CookieStorage'

To write your own storage class, subclass the BaseStorage class in django.contrib.messages.storage.base and implement the _get and _store methods.

Add messages:

add_message(request, level, message, extra_tags='', fail_silently=False)

from django.contrib import messages
messages.add_message(request, messages.INFO, 'Hello world.')

Some shortcut methods to add messages with commonly used tags.

messages.debug(request, '%s SQL statements were executed.' % count)

messages.info(request, 'Three credits remain in your account.')

messages.success(request, 'Profile details updated.')

messages.warning(request, 'Your account expires in three days.')

messages.error(request, 'Document deleted.')

Display Messages in Temaplates :

{% if messages %}
<ul>
   {% for message in messages %}
	   <li>{{ message }}</li>
   {% endfor %}
</ul>
{% endif %}

The context processor also provides a DEFAULT_MESSAGE_LEVELS variable which is a mapping of the message level names to their numeric value:

{% if messages %}
<ul>
   {% for message in messages %}
	<li>
	   {% if message.level == DEFAULT_MESSAGE_LEVELS.ERROR %}Important: {% endif %}
	      {{ message }}
       {% endfor %}
	</li>
</ul>
{% endif %}

Get messages outside Templates:

from django.contrib.messages import get_messages>

storage = get_messages(request)

for message in storage:

    do_something_with_the_message(message)

Elaborating django messages with example:

Models.py:

from django.db import models

class Student(models.Model):

    name = models.CharField(max_length=100)

    r_no = models.CharField(max_length=10)

forms.py

from django.forms import ModelForm

from myapp.models import Student

class StudentForm(ModelForm):

    class Meta:

        model = Student

        fields = ['name', 'r_no']

views.py

from myapp.forms import StudentForm

from django.contrib import messages

from django.shortcuts import render

def my_view(request):

    if request.method == "POST":

         student_form = StudentForm(request.POST)

     if student_form.is_valid():

          student_form.save()

          messages.success(request, 'Student created successfully.')

          return render(request,"template1.html")    

     else:

          messages.error(request, student_form.errors)

    students = Student.objects.all()  

    return render(request,"template2.html",{"students":students})

template1.html

{% if messages %}
<ul>
	{% for message in messages %}
	   <li>{{ message }}</li>
	{% endfor %}
</ul>
{% endif %}
<form action="." method="post">
    {% csrf_token %}
    <input name="name" type="text" />
    <input name="r_no" type="text" />
    <button type="submit">Submit</button>
</form>

template2.html

{% if messages %}
<ul>
	{% for message in messages %}
	   <li>{{ message }}</li>
	{% endfor %}
</ul>
{% endif %}
<h2>Student list

Posted On 25 June 2012 By MicroPyramid

Previous post Next post

Need any Help in your Project?Let's Talk

Latest Comments

OUR SERVICES

OPEN SOURCE PACKAGES

Django-CRM :Customer relationship management based on Django

Django-blog-it : django blog with complete customization and ready to use with one click installer Edit

Django-webpacker : A django compressor tool

Django-MFA : Multi Factor Authentication

Docker-box : Web Interface to manage full blown docker containers and images

More...

Basics of Django messages framework

Need any Help in your Project?Let's Talk

How to maintain user session across sub domains in Django

What is Django CRM and it’s advantages

Implementation of single sign on using auth0 in django application

Customizing Django REST API Serializers

How to implement TokenBasedAuthentication in DjangoRestFramework?

Understanding middleware functionality in django2.0

Django acceptance testing automation with robot framework

How to filter a Django Queryset using Extra

Overriding Django Model behaviour with Proxy Model

how to pass extra context data to serializers in django-rest-framework ?

Understanding Routers in Django-Rest-Framework

Django Single Sign On(SSO) to multiple applications

How to Document API Requests using Django Rest Swagger

Django webpacker - A compression tool to bundles css, js files

What's great about Django girls to inspire women into programming

How to use nested formsets in django

How to convert xml content into json using xmltodict

Custom validations for serializer fields Django Rest Framework

How To Add A Custom Managers In Django

Introduction to API development using Django REST framework with Example

Django-REST Framework Object Level Permissions and User Level Permissions

Using Python weasyprint generate HTML to PDF in django

How to create thumbnail image in Django templates using sorl-thumbnail?

Deploying Your Django app on Heroku

Django Template language Intro

Using Gitlab API, integrating gitlab in django project for authentication and access

Django Conditional Expressions in Queries

Sorl-thumbnail to generate thumbnails in django

How to Create initial django migrations for existing DB schema.

Django - Database access optimization

Querying with Django Q objects

Integration Of GitHub API with python django

Django - migrating from function based views to class based views

How To Write Custom migrations in Django

Dynamically Adding Google Maps with Marker In Django

Django Unit Test cases with Forms and Views

Understanding Checkout flow in Django Oscar.

How to monitor django application live events with sentry

Integration Of Linkedin API in python django

Django efficient implementation of Amazon s3 and Cloudfront CDN for faster loading.

How to create Custom User Model or Extend User Model in Django?

Working with Django Plugins

Export html web page to pdf using jspdf

Preserve file names with sorl for better SEO

Custom Password Less Authentication in Django

Improving page speed score in Google Page Score test- PART2

Extract text with OCR for all image types in python using pytesseract

Factory Boy - An alternative for Fixtures

Improving page speed score in Google Page Score test- PART1

Integration of 2checkout with django

Get count, average, min, max values from model field using Django Aggregate

Set Up Travis CI For Django project

Sending emails using sendgrid on heroku for a Django App

Django Custom Template Tags And Filters

Python Memcached Implementation for Django project

How to customize Django Oscar Models, Views and URL's

Integrate Django-Oscar-Accounts with Django-Oscar

Google plus API integration with django

Extract data from PDF and all Microsoft Office files in python

django Payu Payment gateway Integration

Running Django with PyPy to boost performance

How to Create your own e-commerce shop using Django-Oscar.

Setting Up Coveralls for Django Project

Sendgrid Inbound Email Parsing with django

How to customize the admin actions in list pages of Django admin?

Handling Custom Error Pages(404, 500) In Django

Autocomplete with Django-Haystack and Elasticsearch with single letter querying.

How to create Periodic Tasks with Django Celery?

Best Practices of Using Django Celery in Django Social Auth

Custom Decorators To Check User Roles And Permissions In Django

Implement search with Django-haystack and Elasticsearch Part-1

How to index binary files in django haystack

Understanding django serializers with examples

Introduction to Django's Class based views - Understanding how a class based view works

Understanding Django Permissions And Groups

Django Inclusion Tags

Dynamic Models in Django (adding new fields to models from admin)

E-commerce (paypal) integration with Django