Apex provides collections such as List, Set, Map. These are similar to arrays, but these collections have advanced features and easier methods than an array. We will see about List, which is used widely in salesforce.

In the salesforce organization, when you are building a component or application, it's important to know how the component or application should be distributed to other organizations or customers. So for this, we have packages in salesforce in which developed components and applications can be combined and distributed to other salesforce organizations. In this, we have defined different types of packages and their usage.

As we know there will be role hierarchy in many organizations and permissions are assigned according to their roles. So, When a record or data is updated or inserted then automatically it should be approved by some assigned user. To do this In salesforce, we use Approval process method to automate the functionality.

When you want to send information from Salesforce organization to any third party external service, Outbound messaging is used in Salesforce. It is a part of workflow rule, like whenever an action is triggered and an Outbound message is defined for that particular action, then the information will be delivered to external service as specified.

In any business importing and exporting of data is very important. Only to some extent, we can enter the data manually in the fields of any organization, So when there is a requirement for bulk upload of data, there are many tools available. In Salesforce, we use Data loader to export or import bulk data into the organization.

In Salesforce, relationships are used to create a link between objects. Whenever user clicks on particular object they can view its data and related data of that object. There are many relationships in salesforce, one among them is Master(parent)-detail(child) relationship.

In Salesforce it is quite difficult to send email to users individually when there are many. So, upon creating public groups with required users working on a particular project or something else. We can send emails to required particular users using public groups.

In Salesforce, field update is used to change or update field records. This can be done by a creating field update actions and associating them with workflow rules, approval processes or entitlement processes.

In Salesforce, when you go to the home page of any object, you will get to see a standard view of records in that object. If you want to look at the important and useful records of an object in the form of a list, Custom List views are created.

In many businesses, when customers raise cases, and they are assigned manually to the agents by looking over the case details. But nowadays, cases are automatically escalated to the support agents by providing rule criteria. In Salesforce, we use escalation rules to automatically escalate cases.